| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; and Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
Sáez, Juan C., Viviana M. Berthoud, María C. Brañes, Agustín D. Martínez, and Eric C. Beyer. Plasma Membrane Channels Formed by Connexins: Their Regulation and Functions. Physiol Rev 83: 1359-1400, 2003; 10.1152/physrev.00007.2003.—Members of the connexin gene family are integral membrane proteins that form hexamers called connexons. Most cells express two or more connexins. Open connexons found at the nonjunctional plasma membrane connect the cell interior with the extracellular milieu. They have been implicated in physiological functions including paracrine intercellular signaling and in induction of cell death under pathological conditions. Gap junction channels are formed by docking of two connexons and are found at cell-cell appositions. Gap junction channels are responsible for direct intercellular transfer of ions and small molecules including propagation of inositol trisphosphate-dependent calcium waves. They are involved in coordinating the electrical and metabolic responses of heterogeneous cells. New approaches have expanded our knowledge of channel structure and connexin biochemistry (e.g., protein trafficking/assembly, phosphorylation, and interactions with other connexins or other proteins). The physiological role of gap junctions in several tissues has been elucidated by the discovery of mutant connexins associated with genetic diseases and by the generation of mice with targeted ablation of specific connexin genes. The observed phenotypes range from specific tissue dysfunction to embryonic lethality.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  B. E. Isakson Localized expression of an Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor at the myoendothelial junction selectively regulates heterocellular Ca2+ communication J. Cell Sci., November 1, 2008; 121(21): 3664 - 3673. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. F. Figueroa and B. R. Duling Dissection of two Cx37-independent conducted vasodilator mechanisms by deletion of Cx40: electrotonic versus regenerative conduction Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2008; 295(5): H2001 - H2007. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Totzeck, K. Boengler, A. van de Sand, I. Konietzka, P. Gres, D. Garcia-Dorado, G. Heusch, and R. Schulz No impact of protein phosphatases on connexin 43 phosphorylation in ischemic preconditioning Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2008; 295(5): H2106 - H2112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Follonier, S. Schaub, J.-J. Meister, and B. Hinz Myofibroblast communication is controlled by intercellular mechanical coupling J. Cell Sci., October 15, 2008; 121(20): 3305 - 3316. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. A. Schalper, N. Palacios-Prado, M. A. Retamal, K. F. Shoji, A. D. Martinez, and J. C. Saez Connexin Hemichannel Composition Determines the FGF-1-induced Membrane Permeability and Free [Ca2+]i Responses Mol. Biol. Cell, August 1, 2008; 19(8): 3501 - 3513. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. R. Magie and M. Q. Martindale Cell-Cell Adhesion in the Cnidaria: Insights Into the Evolution of Tissue Morphogenesis Biol. Bull., June 1, 2008; 214(3): 218 - 232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. E. Isakson, A. K. Best, and B. R. Duling Incidence of protein on actin bridges between endothelium and smooth muscle in arterioles demonstrates heterogeneous connexin expression and phosphorylation Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2008; 294(6): H2898 - H2904. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Shearer, W. Ens, K. Standing, and G. Valdimarsson Posttranslational Modifications in Lens Fiber Connexins Identified by Off-Line-HPLC MALDI-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., April 1, 2008; 49(4): 1553 - 1562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. E. Chadjichristos, S. Morel, J.-P. Derouette, E. Sutter, I. Roth, A. C. Brisset, M.-L. Bochaton-Piallat, and B. R. Kwak Targeting Connexin 43 Prevents Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB-Induced Phenotypic Change in Porcine Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells Circ. Res., March 28, 2008; 102(6): 653 - 660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A Arora, P J Minogue, X Liu, P K Addison, I Russel-Eggitt, A R Webster, D M Hunt, L Ebihara, E C Beyer, V M Berthoud, et al. A novel connexin50 mutation associated with congenital nuclear pulverulent cataracts J. Med. Genet., March 1, 2008; 45(3): 155 - 160. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Langlois, K. N. Cowan, Q. Shao, B. J. Cowan, and D. W. Laird Caveolin-1 and -2 Interact with Connexin43 and Regulate Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in Keratinocytes Mol. Biol. Cell, March 1, 2008; 19(3): 912 - 928. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Ruiz-Meana, A. Rodriguez-Sinovas, A. Cabestrero, K. Boengler, G. Heusch, and D. Garcia-Dorado Mitochondrial connexin43 as a new player in the pathophysiology of myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury Cardiovasc Res, January 15, 2008; 77(2): 325 - 333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Nakano, M. Oyamada, P. Dai, T. Nakagami, S. Kinoshita, and T. Takamatsu Connexin43 Knockdown Accelerates Wound Healing but Inhibits Mesenchymal Transition after Corneal Endothelial Injury In Vivo Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., January 1, 2008; 49(1): 93 - 104. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Takenaka, T. Inoue, Y. Kanno, H. Okada, C. E. Hill, and H. Suzuki Connexins 37 and 40 transduce purinergic signals mediating renal autoregulation Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2008; 294(1): R1 - R11. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. L. Solan, L. Marquez-Rosado, P. L. Sorgen, P. J. Thornton, P. R. Gafken, and P. D. Lampe Phosphorylation at S365 is a gatekeeper event that changes the structure of Cx43 and prevents down-regulation by PKC J. Cell Biol., December 17, 2007; 179(6): 1301 - 1309. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M.-A. Meilleur, C. D. Akpovi, R.-M. Pelletier, and M. L. Vitale Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}-Induced Anterior Pituitary Folliculostellate TtT/GF Cell Uncoupling Is Mediated by Connexin 43 Dephosphorylation Endocrinology, December 1, 2007; 148(12): 5913 - 5924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. A. Eugenin and J. W. Berman Gap Junctions Mediate Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Bystander Killing in Astrocytes J. Neurosci., November 21, 2007; 27(47): 12844 - 12850. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Halbleib, A. M. Saaf, P. O. Brown, and W. J. Nelson Transcriptional Modulation of Genes Encoding Structural Characteristics of Differentiating Enterocytes During Development of a Polarized Epithelium In Vitro Mol. Biol. Cell, November 1, 2007; 18(11): 4261 - 4278. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. C. B. Jacobsen, C. Aalkjaer, H. Nilsson, V. V. Matchkov, J. Freiberg, and N.-H. Holstein-Rathlou A model of smooth muscle cell synchronization in the arterial wall Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): H229 - H237. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X.-Q. Gong, Q. Shao, S. Langlois, D. Bai, and D. W. Laird Differential Potency of Dominant Negative Connexin43 Mutants in Oculodentodigital Dysplasia J. Biol. Chem., June 29, 2007; 282(26): 19190 - 19202. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. van Zeijl, B. Ponsioen, B. N.G. Giepmans, A. Ariaens, F. R. Postma, P. Varnai, T. Balla, N. Divecha, K. Jalink, and W. H. Moolenaar Regulation of connexin43 gap junctional communication by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate J. Cell Biol., June 21, 2007; 177(5): 881 - 891. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Kizana, C. Y. Chang, E. Cingolani, G. A. Ramirez-Correa, R. B. Sekar, M. R. Abraham, S. L. Ginn, L. Tung, I. E. Alexander, and E. Marban Gene Transfer of Connexin43 Mutants Attenuates Coupling in Cardiomyocytes: Novel Basis for Modulation of Cardiac Conduction by Gene Therapy Circ. Res., June 8, 2007; 100(11): 1597 - 1604. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Retamal, K. A. Schalper, K. F. Shoji, M. V. L. Bennett, and J. C. Saez Opening of connexin 43 hemichannels is increased by lowering intracellular redox potential PNAS, May 15, 2007; 104(20): 8322 - 8327. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. A. Kruglov, P. R. A. V. Correa, G. Arora, J. Yu, M. H. Nathanson, and J. A. Dranoff Molecular basis for calcium signaling in hepatic stellate cells Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, April 1, 2007; 292(4): G975 - G982. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Kalra, Q. Shao, H. Qin, T. Thomas, M. A. Alaoui-Jamali, and D. W. Laird Cx26 inhibits breast MDA-MB-435 cell tumorigenic properties by a gap junctional intercellular communication-independent mechanism Carcinogenesis, December 1, 2006; 27(12): 2528 - 2537. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K Boengler, R Schulz, and G Heusch Connexin 43 signalling and cardioprotection Heart, December 1, 2006; 92(12): 1724 - 1727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Mitra, L. Annamalai, S. Chakraborty, K. Johnson, X.-H. Song, S. K. Batra, and P. P. Mehta Androgen-regulated Formation and Degradation of Gap Junctions in Androgen-responsive Human Prostate Cancer Cells Mol. Biol. Cell, December 1, 2006; 17(12): 5400 - 5416. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Squecco, C. Sassoli, F. Nuti, M. Martinesi, F. Chellini, D. Nosi, S. Zecchi-Orlandini, F. Francini, L. Formigli, and E. Meacci Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Induces Myoblast Differentiation through Cx43 Protein Expression: A Role for a Gap Junction-dependent and -independent Function Mol. Biol. Cell, November 1, 2006; 17(11): 4896 - 4910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. F. Figueroa, B. E. Isakson, and B. R. Duling Vascular Gap Junctions in Hypertension Hypertension, November 1, 2006; 48(5): 804 - 811. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X.-Q. Gong, Q. Shao, C. S. Lounsbury, D. Bai, and D. W. Laird Functional Characterization of a GJA1 Frameshift Mutation Causing Oculodentodigital Dysplasia and Palmoplantar Keratoderma J. Biol. Chem., October 20, 2006; 281(42): 31801 - 31811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Chung, C. H. M. Castro, M. Watkins, J. P. Stains, M. Y. Chung, V. L. Szejnfeld, K. Willecke, M. Theis, and R. Civitelli Low peak bone mass and attenuated anabolic response to parathyroid hormone in mice with an osteoblast-specific deletion of connexin43 J. Cell Sci., October 15, 2006; 119(20): 4187 - 4198. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Kirat, J. Masuoka, H. Hayashi, H. Iwano, H. Yokota, H. Taniyama, and S. Kato Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) plays a direct role in short-chain fatty acids absorption in caprine rumen J. Physiol., October 15, 2006; 576(2): 635 - 647. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. E. Isakson, G. Kronke, A. Kadl, N. Leitinger, and B. R. Duling Oxidized Phospholipids Alter Vascular Connexin Expression, Phosphorylation, and Heterocellular Communication Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., October 1, 2006; 26(10): 2216 - 2221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Sawai, M. Mukoyama, K. Mori, H. Yokoi, M. Koshikawa, T. Yoshioka, R. Takeda, A. Sugawara, T. Kuwahara, M. A. Saleem, et al. Redistribution of connexin43 expression in glomerular podocytes predicts poor renal prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., September 1, 2006; 21(9): 2472 - 2477. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Chung and R. L. Caruso Potential Role for Oxidative Stress in 2,2'-Dichlorobiphenyl-Induced Inhibition of Uterine Contractions but not Myometrial Gap Junctions Toxicol. Sci., September 1, 2006; 93(1): 172 - 179. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. D. Lampe, C. D. Cooper, T. J. King, and J. M. Burt Analysis of Connexin43 phosphorylated at S325, S328 and S330 in normoxic and ischemic heart J. Cell Sci., August 15, 2006; 119(16): 3435 - 3442. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E. Huettner, A. Lu, Y. Qu, Y. Wu, M. Kim, and J. W. McDonald Gap Junctions and Connexon Hemichannels in Human Embryonic Stem Cells Stem Cells, July 1, 2006; 24(7): 1654 - 1667. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. M. Luna and P. Brehm An Electrically Coupled Network of Skeletal Muscle in Zebrafish Distributes Synaptic Current J. Gen. Physiol., June 26, 2006; 128(1): 89 - 102. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Ek-Vitorin, T. J. King, N. S. Heyman, P. D. Lampe, and J. M. Burt Selectivity of Connexin 43 Channels Is Regulated Through Protein Kinase C-Dependent Phosphorylation Circ. Res., June 23, 2006; 98(12): 1498 - 1505. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. E. Chadjichristos, C. M. Matter, I. Roth, E. Sutter, G. Pelli, T. F. Luscher, M. Chanson, and B. R. Kwak Reduced Connexin43 Expression Limits Neointima Formation After Balloon Distension Injury in Hypercholesterolemic Mice Circulation, June 20, 2006; 113(24): 2835 - 2843. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Gemel, X. Lin, R. D. Veenstra, and E. C. Beyer N-terminal residues in Cx43 and Cx40 determine physiological properties of gap junction channels, but do not influence heteromeric assembly with each other or with Cx26 J. Cell Sci., June 1, 2006; 119(11): 2258 - 2268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Vinken, T. Henkens, T. Vanhaecke, P. Papeleu, A. Geerts, E. Van Rossen, J. K. Chipman, P. Meda, and V. Rogiers Trichostatin A Enhances Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in Primary Cultures of Adult Rat Hepatocytes Toxicol. Sci., June 1, 2006; 91(2): 484 - 492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. Zhang, X. Chen, D. Wu, W. Liu, J. Wang, Z. Feng, G. Cai, B. Fu, Q. Hong, and J. Du Downregulation of Connexin 43 Expression by High Glucose Induces Senescence in Glomerular Mesangial Cells J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., June 1, 2006; 17(6): 1532 - 1542. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Yao, M. Kitamura, Y. Zhu, Y. Meng, A. Kasai, N. Hiramatsu, T. Morioka, M. Takeda, and T. Oite Synergistic effects of PDGF-BB and cAMP-elevating agents on expression of connexin43 in mesangial cells Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, May 1, 2006; 290(5): F1083 - F1093. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Ackert, S. H. Wu, J. C. Lee, J. Abrams, E. H. Hu, I. Perlman, and S. A. Bloomfield Light-induced changes in spike synchronization between coupled ON direction selective ganglion cells in the mammalian retina. J. Neurosci., April 19, 2006; 26(16): 4206 - 4215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. T. Barbe, H. Monyer, and R. Bruzzone Cell-Cell Communication Beyond Connexins: The Pannexin Channels Physiology, April 1, 2006; 21(2): 103 - 114. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Sweitzer, S. A. Fann, T. K. Borg, J. W. Baynes, and M. J. Yost What is the future of diabetic wound care? The Diabetes Educator, March 1, 2006; 32(2): 197 - 210. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. E. Isakson, D. N. Damon, K. H. Day, Y. Liao, and B. R. Duling Connexin40 and connexin43 in mouse aortic endothelium: evidence for coordinated regulation Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2006; 290(3): H1199 - H1205. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Lai, D.-N. Le, W. A. Paznekas, W. D. Gifford, E. W. Jabs, and A. C. Charles Oculodentodigital dysplasia connexin43 mutations result in non-functional connexin hemichannels and gap junctions in C6 glioma cells J. Cell Sci., February 1, 2006; 119(3): 532 - 541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Lin, E. Fenn, and R. D. Veenstra An amino-terminal lysine residue of rat connexin40 that is required for spermine block J. Physiol., January 15, 2006; 570(2): 251 - 269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A Arora, P J Minogue, X Liu, M A Reddy, J R Ainsworth, S S Bhattacharya, A R Webster, D M Hunt, L Ebihara, A T Moore, et al. A novel GJA8 mutation is associated with autosomal dominant lamellar pulverulent cataract: further evidence for gap junction dysfunction in human cataract J. Med. Genet., January 1, 2006; 43(1): e2 - e2. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M.-E. Fortin, R.-M. Pelletier, M.-A. Meilleur, and M. L. Vitale Modulation of GJA1 Turnover and Intercellular Communication by Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Anterior Pituitary Folliculostellate Cell Line TtT/GF Biol Reprod, January 1, 2006; 74(1): 2 - 12. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Minogue, X. Liu, L. Ebihara, E. C. Beyer, and V. M. Berthoud An Aberrant Sequence in a Connexin46 Mutant Underlies Congenital Cataracts J. Biol. Chem., December 9, 2005; 280(49): 40788 - 40795. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. W. Hunter, R. J. Barker, C. Zhu, and R. G. Gourdie Zonula Occludens-1 Alters Connexin43 Gap Junction Size and Organization by Influencing Channel Accretion Mol. Biol. Cell, December 1, 2005; 16(12): 5686 - 5698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. I. Gittens and G. M. Kidder Differential contributions of connexin37 and connexin43 to oogenesis revealed in chimeric reaggregated mouse ovaries J. Cell Sci., November 1, 2005; 118(21): 5071 - 5078. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Daubrawa, H. Sies, and W. Stahl Astaxanthin Diminishes Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in Primary Human Fibroblasts J. Nutr., November 1, 2005; 135(11): 2507 - 2511. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Nerbonne and R. S. Kass Molecular Physiology of Cardiac Repolarization Physiol Rev, October 1, 2005; 85(4): 1205 - 1253. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M. Flenniken, L. R. Osborne, N. Anderson, N. Ciliberti, C. Fleming, J. E. I. Gittens, X.-Q. Gong, L. B. Kelsey, C. Lounsbury, L. Moreno, et al. A Gja1 missense mutation in a mouse model of oculodentodigital dysplasia Development, October 1, 2005; 132(19): 4375 - 4386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Thomas, K. Jordan, J. Simek, Q. Shao, C. Jedeszko, P. Walton, and D. W. Laird Mechanisms of Cx43 and Cx26 transport to the plasma membrane and gap junction regeneration J. Cell Sci., October 1, 2005; 118(19): 4451 - 4462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
